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The table shows two objective criteria of scientific quality: the number of articles published in academic journals in economics best (according to the Institute for Scientific Information or ISI, now Thomson Reuters Web of Science) and citations to these journals that set . Due to lack of resources, publications have not weighted by the impact factor of journals, we explained yesterday in this blog, which would have greatly increased the differences, because the order of candidates on the table is also the average quality the journals where their articles are published (which is partly reflected in the citations). Under these criteria, it seems reasonable to conclude that the candidate should have obtained a place with no problem. However, approved candidates B, C and D. We do not know what other criteria will be handled in court (see the composition here), but it is likely that the candidate not belonging to the department, unlike the other three, has influenced the surprising outcome. If, as you might think, the department has given priority in their hiring criteria passed to others over the scientific quality of the candidates, we may ask whether it has benefited. Well, in the main ranking of publications in Economics, RePEc, and an exclusively Spanish (not global), that the department was ranked 34, has no researcher in the top 200 ranking and has only two among the 340 first. No one policy appears to have been very profitable from the point of view of its scientific reputation. Unfortunately, this is not an isolated case. In an article by Laura Cruz-Castro, Luis Sanz-Menéndez and Aja Jaime Valle, based on surveys of about 2,500 university professors who obtained their place between 1997 and 2001 shows that 96.3% of them obtained in the same center where he was working and 70% obtained a position as a candidate. That is, what happened in the present case is anomalous, as the external candidates are anticipated to have little chance of success and therefore are not presented. Until 2001 the universities convened the squares and then decided by a court composed of five members, two internal and three external, chosen at random. Between 2002 and 2005 was in force enabling system, which introduced a first step that needed to be overcome in order to present to the calls of places. The first stage of judging a single review committee for all places of an area, chosen randomly. The ratings were a tournament, ie X opened positions at the national and endorsing the X best candidates. This number was generally so low that the second stage became a mere formality. In the ratings for professor, three members of the evaluation committee were professors and four were incumbents. In a recent paper, Manuel Bagues and Natalia Zinovyeva analyze the results of the qualification system in Spain. Well, in a farm in its database and taking into account other variables, they find that the presence of a university professor on the committee of the candidate by 57% increased their likelihood of being enabled and the presence of a holder of the university's increased by 33%. Indeed, in the competitions chair, the first factor increased by 40% the probability of success. The importance of belonging to the department of the board members is probably higher since 2005, when the first stage, which performs the National Agency for Quality Assessment (ANECA) – has softened, that is now credited with many more candidates than seats. Thus, the second stage, conducted in the department announces the plaza, has recovered the utmost importance and is no longer necessary to have three outside board members. Nor is it a problem only Spanish, but also affects many continental European countries. An article by Pierre-Philippe Combes, Laurent Linnemer, Michael Visser documents the problem in the case of France, where there is a centralized examination system similar to the system of qualification. And the same problem is illustrated for the area at a popular Italian working paper by Roberto Perotti. This author, who came to hold a regular newsletter on the economy chairs competitions in Italy, noted that often the members of the courts were far less publicity than the candidates. This is also true if we have been discussing: only one of five board members had more publications and citations in journals in the ISI that the candidate A. We encourage readers Nothing is free to disclose similar cases at other universities. How should select teachers in Spanish universities? A typical proposal is to restrict the maximum departmental decisions to avoid inbreeding: impose that at least three external members in court, to establish minimum scales to all universities, etc.. Perhaps these criteria help marginally better, but not solve the underlying problem. And take away more freedom to the departments, giving decision making power to outsiders, may not be the best solution. In fact, the ratings system results above confirm this idea. The problem is that university departments do not have enough incentive to select the best researchers. As noted in this blog entry, international evidence clearly shows that the best recipe for academic excellence is summed up in two words: competition and freedom. This means that resources departments are dependent on an important form of scientific output of its faculty, as in the Research Assessment Exercise in the UK (see here), and then let them choose teachers as like. This is the formula that works in the best universities in the world. A step in the right direction is something that makes the best economics departments in Spain. Publications sent each candidate five renowned scholars, often from foreign universities and ask them to evaluate the merits of the candidate's research, specifically indicating if in his opinion those merits are sufficient to obtain the square in the department convener the square as well as its own department. The call of the square is conditional on the affirmative of the evaluators (and then follow the usual process). Instead of lavishing praise on excellence, then do not materialize in almost anything, it would be better to put in place measures such as this, which meet international best practices. In the Basque Country and Catalonia ride it better. With the language profiles and C-level imposition of Catalan Candidate A is not even going to happen occur there, which no one is shocked. Them if they know. Several comments have referred to the departments of Economics and Business Administration at the University Carlos III. In the attached links you can see the latest list of candidates admitted and excluded spaces contests and chair holder of these departments. In all cases there is only one candidate per seat whenever the department. These candidates must meet the department's internal requirements, but perhaps struck by the lack of foreign competition. Given the CVs of all candidates, my question is whether the candidate would have to compete with internal candidates. Perhaps candidate A should be more attentive to close places of these departments. Irma la Douce: I think in the best universities and research centers in economics Catalan (UAB, UPF, CREI, IAE) is not necessary to know or Catalan or Castilian to be hired. If I'm wrong someone correct me. Totally agree that to fix this painful situation, besides disclose, publish and comment (if possible in more places as well as in the cafes and intimate talks) so that everyone knows how to select teachers or professors in each site is not necessary to change anything in any BOE, the BOE going to let a little calm season for a change. Just as it says Jesus changed the incentives, and from now models are used where this type of behavior (choosing the cronies and not the best) if you are penalized. Economically I mean. I miss only the names of all participants in this beautiful story, since I know these systems are access to university audiences. Or am I missing something and now it?. Elisa de la Nuez. At the entrance there is a link to the call, showing the court. The names of the candidates devoted not give them, because the decision is yours RESPONSIBILITY. All you propose that the evaluation will increase the presence of external members, including Charles, who proposed that the members of a department can not choose their seats at all: I remind you that we are in Spain, a fact that when we set out cheerfully despise some measure of reform. If we incorporate greater foreign presence in the selection process will sencilamente